Which is a process of identifying, analyzing, and controlling critical information indicating friendly actions associated with military operations?

The process of identifying, analyzing, and controlling critical information that indicates friendly actions associated with military operations is known as Operations Security (OPSEC). OPSEC focuses on protecting sensitive information that could potentially be exploited by adversaries to gain insight into military plans or operations. This involves assessing what information could be detrimental if disclosed, determining how that information could be captured or inferred by adversaries, and implementing measures to secure and control that information.

OPSEC is essential in military operations because it helps prevent the enemy from gaining an advantage based on knowledge of friendly capabilities, movements, intentions, and other operational details. By effectively managing OPSEC, military personnel can enhance the operational effectiveness and safety of their missions.

The other concepts mentioned, such as Threat Assessment, Information Assurance, and Risk Management, while related to security and operational planning, focus on different aspects. Threat Assessment concentrates on identifying and evaluating potential threats, Information Assurance deals with safeguarding information systems and data integrity, and Risk Management involves assessing risks and implementing strategies to mitigate them. Each of these plays a valuable role in military operations, but OPSEC specifically addresses the critical need to protect sensitive operational information from enemy observation.