The term that refers to the instructions guiding air operations and helping to prevent conflicts between air assets is known as Special Instructions (SPINS). SPINS provide essential directives tailored to specific missions or operations. They encompass detailed information about the operational environment, clearance procedures, communication protocols, and rules of engagement, which collectively ensure that all aircrew members operate under a unified framework. This minimizes the risk of misunderstandings or dangerous encounters between various air assets, thereby enhancing safety and operational effectiveness.
The other options relate to aspects of air operations but do not focus specifically on the instruction sets that provide clear, mission-specific guidance like SPINS do. Combat risk assessments are evaluations of potential hazards to personnel and operations, while operational impact reviews examine the broader consequences of plans or actions on mission outcomes. Airspace management rules concern the general regulations governing the use of airspace but do not provide the specific mission-oriented instructions that SPINS do.